The switching roles of moms and dads Research Proposal

The exchanging jobs of mothers and fathers - Research Proposal Example Coal black (1999) makes this understood: ‘a age of new thousand years guardians †generally white collar class experts †is obscuring the conventional lines and composing new principles for youngster rearing’. In outline, because of major changes in the past 50 years, the financial and social jobs of moms and fathers have gotten tradable and adaptable. Over the past 50 years or something like that, ladies have taken on a considerably more conspicuous job in the work showcase, which has apparently implied a progressively evenhanded sharing of providing care undertakings among moms and fathers, in those families where the two guardians are in living arrangement. Amato (1994) was right in suggesting that ‘the gigantic development of wedded ladies into the paid work power disturbed the conventional division of work inside the atomic family’ (p.1031). Without a doubt, he found that 67% of wedded moms with youngsters under 18 were in paid work, so ‘mothers presently share the breadwinning job with their husbands’ (Amato, 1994, p.1031). With the prepared accessibility of compelling contraceptives since the 1960s, ladies have had the option to assume full responsibility for their conceptive lives, with many deciding to defer labor and beginning a family until they feel that they have set up a protected and effective profession in their picked part. Furthermore, the accessibility of across the board and reasonable childcare permits numerous moms to come back to the work environment, once in a while not long after the introduction of a youngster. The changing monetary job of moms is completely borne out in the figures. From 1948-2001, the level of working age ladies either in business or searching for paid work rose from under 33% to over 60% (APA, 2010). In numerous families, the mother is at any rate as amazing a financial entertainer as the dad, and frequently more so. For some, customarily endorsed sex jobs and obligations have been broken up, with choices on the divisions of jobs now

Resistance To Change A Critical Analysis Management Essay

Protection from Change A Critical Analysis Management Essay Presently a days associations are required to make changes for their endure. It is imperative to reaction rapidly to the cutting edge innovative headway and rivalry to inner and outside levels (Edmonds, 2011). So change is an ordinary involvement with private and administrative association for its turn of events. The motivation behind this investigation is to break down the issue of overseeing authoritative change by different methodologies. The paper will contend succinctly on the elements of protection from change and how the opposition is dealt with for effective execution of a change plan through assessing pertinent writing on the subject. It will additionally look at the extent of viable administration of hierarchical change process. In this paper, the examination into successful administration of protection from authoritative change is accomplished through three primary segments. Right off the bat, change is characterized in the light of hierarchical turn of events. Furthermore, factors affecting change and protection from change are talked about diagnostically in two back to back areas. At last, it examines the executives of protection from change intricately before finishing up the movement. What is change Change is characterized as any adjustment of business as usual (Bartol and Martin, 1994;199). Authoritative change might be characterized as better approaches for sorting out and working㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦.. (Dawson, 2003: 11 ). Breu and Benwell (1999), Ragsdell (2000) just as Bamford and Forrester (2003), characterize hierarchical change as the way toward moving an association from some current status to new status whether it is arranged or impromptu. Hierarchical change is a type of contrast from its drawn out old situation to present another thought and activity for better execution and modification of new condition (Schalk et al.,1998). From alternate points of view , we can watch various sorts of changes however in commonly authoritative changes can be classifieds into two kinds gradual and radical (Ragsdell, 2000; McAdam, 2003; Milling Zimmermann, 2010). Writing contends that the gradual change is a little scope change on its current structure and capacities which is persistent, then again extreme change includes a huge scope essential change (McAdam, 2003; Cunha, et al, 2003; Romanelli Tushman, 1994). Besides, Beugelsdijk et al (2002) contend that, hierarchical change process at first starts with radical change and follow the gradual change that makes a possibility or a danger. Interestingly, Del Val and Fuentes (2003) express that change is a general system of reaction to authoritative settings since genuine changes are steady or transformational as well as a blend of both. Anyway Bamford and Forrester (2003) have additionally arranged authoritative change as arranged and emergents.The arranged methodology hierarchical change features the distinctive status which an association should move from an unsuitable situation to perceived wanted position (Eldrod II and Tippett, 2002). The rising methodology change recommends that it is an erratic and bothersome ceaseless procedure of acclimation to evolving conditions (Burnes, 1996, 2004; Dawson, 1994). Be that as it may, vulnerability of conditions make emanant approach more noteworthy than the arranged methodology (Bamford and Forrester, 2003). In this way, it is import to any association to recognize the necessities for its possibilities, and how to manage the necessary changes and it is the unseparable methodology of an association (Burnes, 2004; Rieley and Clarkson, 2001).Managerial capability is a lot of required for fruitful change (Senior, 2002). Despite the fact that for the presence and compelling rivalry fruitful administration of progress is profoundly required (Luecke, 2003; Okumus and Hemmington, 1998). Variables Influencing Change: Hughes (2006) contends that, various components can impact hierarchical changes, from the impact of inward control, to outside moves in shopper conduct, or changing the business settings. The most well-known reasons are: Legislation, consolidation or fulfillment, serious market, world economy, Structural change, mechanical headway and Strategic re-association. In addition, Haikonen et al (2004) contend that diverse significant interior and outside variables which impact change as approach, structure, control framework, authoritative culture, and force dispersion. In addition, Saka (2003) express that the outer factors as national or universal standards and guidelines impact the association to acknowledge new systems to make due in changed circumstance. Besides, numerous different components identified with advertise rivalry, financial development, and expectation for everyday comforts additionally oblige association to initiate change programs for refresh and deal with the outside powers (Beugelsdijk, et al, 2002; Breu Benwell, 1999; Carr Hancock, 2006). Therefore, the innovative headway make interior and outside requests to produce the capacities of associations and survey their procedures normally (Harris Wegg-Prosser, 2007; Ragsdell, 2000; Shaft, et al, 2008). At last, Eisenbach et al (1999) likewise perceived various variables that urge change, for example, advancement, new innovation, workforce, profitability and working quality. Essentially, McAdam (2003) and Mukherji and Mukherji (1998) underscore that accessibility of talented representatives, changing client conduct, free progression of data and social change have very effect on association for alteration on their exercises and force it to straighten out or enormous scope change for changing from stop to viability. At last, interior change factors like authority, authoritative culture, worker relationship, remaining task at hand, reward framework, inner governmental issues, and correspondence framework urge the association to take up change methodology (Bhatnagar, et al, 2010; Potter, 2001; Van Marrewijk, et al, 2010; Young, 1999).On the entire, Breu and Benwell (1999) just as Rees and Hassard (2010) accentuated the improvement of abilities of supervisors to assess the circumstance precisely from various variables to viable administration of protection from change program. Protection from Change Opposition is a wonder which influence the change procedure by hindering its beginning, blocking its achievement and rising its costs(Ansoff, 1990; Del Val Fuentes, 2003; Young, 1999). Interestingly, obstruction is a way that attempts to keep up the norm, so it is practically identical to idleness which attempts to evade change (Maurer, 1996; Rumelt, 1995). So also, Jansen (1996), Potter (2001) just as Romanelli and Tushman (1994) contend that hierarchical change penetrates obstruction from the people as their quiet area are impacted by making pressure, frailty and vulnerability. In addition, Ford et al (2002) just as Reissner (2010) bolster that obstruction happens since a change program undermines existing status, or causes dread of assumed results like difficulty in close to home security and worry about new ability and aptitudes to act in the changed surroundings.On the other hand, opposition by workforce might be viewed as a general piece of any change procedure and as such an i mportant wellspring of information and helpful in figuring out how to oversee fruitful change process (Antonacopoulou Gabriel, 2001; Bhatnagar, et al, 2010; Bovey Hede, 2001). Moreover, Antonacopoulou and Gabriel (2001) and Lamb and Cox (1999) contend that abnormal network will oppose any change program for different reasons including misconception, bother, negative gossip, financial suggestion, low resilience for change and dread of the obscure. In any case, the perception of disturbance in long standing specially connected with change activities at long last contribute in the presence of obstruction, predominantly from center administrators who oppose for the explanation that of the dread of danger to their present position and matchless quality (Marjanovic, 2000; Ragsdell, 2000; Saka, 2000). Besides, in manipulative business condition, where significant spotlight is on profitability and centralisation, events higher pace of obstruction than manipulative specialty units having a progressively open culture, offering opportunity to investigate new limits and advances (Mirow, et al, 2008; Valle, 2002).Accordingly, Lamb and Cox (1999) and Trader-Leigh (2002) demonstrate that debate of opposition in open area is a lot higher than that of private sector.However, Bovey and Hede (2001) just as Del Val and Fuentes (2003) find that when change standards and hierarchical standards are generally unique then the laborers demonstrate protection from change while singular tension, inadequate administration, disappointment point of reference, little motivation, lacking strategic vision and negativity are a few wellsprings of safe. Along these lines, on the off chance that the ground of progress isn't all around arranged and capability oversaw, at that point the representatives may forest all the change activities and they will apply security strategy to oppose in light of fear that they will be abused by others (Bovey Hede, 2001; Perren Megginson, 1996). In any case, Jones et al (2008) contend that workers don't for the most part oppose the change, yet rather hypothetical unfortunate consequences of progress or the procedure of execution the change.For that reason, all directors are important to give proper fixation on human and socio-social issues to acquire an unmistakable strategy for fruitful usage of change.(Diefenbach, 2007; Lamb Cox, 1999). Instructions to oversee Resistance Protection from change is a significant issue in change the board and participatory methodology is the most ideal approach to oversee obstruction for fruitful change(Pardo-del-Val et al., 2o12). Potter (2001) and Ragsdell (2000) bolster that protection from hierarchical change must be seen as a possibility and getting ready individuals for change just as allowing them to enthusiastically take part in the change procedure. Besides, Conner (1998) avows that the negative impacts of opposition happened from significant c

Racism Essays (1212 words) - Racism, Discrimination, Hatred

Bigotry Bigotry TODAY...Everybody bounced on him, beat the hellfire out of him... Everyone was hitting him or kicking him. One person was kicking at his spine. Another person hitting on the face... He was oblivious. He was dying. Everyone had blood on their lower arms. We ran back up the slope giggling... He ought to have kicked the bucket... He lost so much blood he turned white. He got what he merited (Ridgeway 167.) The skinheads who played out this arbitrary demonstration of racial savagery in 1990, had no motivation to severely beat their casualty other than the way that he was Mexican (Ridgeway 167). Bigotry is unbiasedly characterized as any act of ethnic segregation or on the other hand isolation. Luckily, racial brutality is consistently declining as the turn of the century draws near. Presently another structure of bigotry, secret prejudice, has as of late sprung from the weights of political rightness. This new type of bigotry, despite the fact that gradually declining, still gives indications of solid help (Piazza 86). Secret prejudice expect a type of common insubordination against politically right idea and discourse. Basically, secret bigotry is a shrouded prejudice, or a prejudice not effortlessly recognized (Piazza 78). Prejudice is still emphatically predominant in the present society (Gudorf 3). The three distinctive fundamental types of bigotry, open prejudice, vicious bigotry, and secretive prejudice every single express type of scorn towards unmistakable ethnic gatherings (Bender 47). These essential types of prejudice, albeit distinctive in structure, all have a similar principle reason, to advance bigotry. Open bigotry communicates opportunity of racial idea and discourse. Open racists advance their perspectives through carefully persuasionary strategies. This type of bigotry is permitted in our general public on account of the First Amendment. Open bigotry is presently practically nonexistent and consistently declining, since it is considered politically mistaken and socially unsuitable. Rough bigotry advances prejudice through savagery, dread, and persuasionary strategies (Leone 49) This type of bigotry isn't ensured by the First Amendment since it advances viciousness to communicate its thoughts. Shockingly numerous savage racial bunches guarantee they don't advance brutality, and consequently these bunches are secured by the First Amendment on the grounds that not enough adequate proof exists to demonstrate their brutal purpose (Ridgeway 123). Secret bigotry communicates thoughts of prejudice in masked structures; in some cases the secret supremacist isn't even mindful of the reality that he is bigot. Bigotry, it is attested, is no more explicit: individuals these days are hesitant to communicate transparently their aversion of and hatred for minorities, to be sure are not readied to communicate freely an assumption that could be interpretted as bigot. Bigotry, it is stated, is inconspicuous: it is camouflaged, kept out of sight (Enrlich 73) The recommendation that there is another bigotry - a prejudice that has another quality accurately on the grounds that it doesn't have all the earmarks of being prejudice - merits genuine thought (Piazza 66). Maintaining a strategic distance from minorities in the city and refusal of a open advantage to a minority which would be granted to a white are instances of incognito prejudice. Since it is no more politically right to straightforwardly communicate one's supremacist sees, individuals along these lines favor masked, aberrant approaches to communicate their extremism (Piazza 68). Clandestine bigotry is the most plentiful type of bigotry in our general public today. What causes bigotry? Shockingly, the appropriate response is a lot longer and definite than the inquiry. The three primary driver for prejudice are: bigotry has become some portion of our legacy, conservative racial and political gatherings, and pride in one's own race. For all intents and purposes since the beginning of man's presence man has without a doubt seen contrasts between races. Prejudice's quality all through the arrangement of our way of life is very obvious (Tucker 17). As often as possible since the beginning the ethnic gathering with the most power has expected that its race and culture are better than others. A similar episode even happened in America with the presentation of slaves. All through American history, prejudice has been unequivocally common. Bigotry's underlying foundations lie profound inside the establishment of our general public (Tucker 19). These roots without a doubt are the hotspot for a large number of the supremacist gatherings and secret bigotry thoughts found all through our general public. Radical social and political gatherings, especially those upholding conservative arrangements of racial disparity, advance bigotry also. These gatherings fill in as the encapsulation of racial thought and discourse (Ridgeway 10). The accompanying speak to different bigot bunches found

Conceptualizing Online Shopping Behavior in Thailand - 8250 Words

Conceptualizing Online Shopping Behavior in Thailand (Research Paper Sample) Content: Conceptualizing online shopping behavior in ThailandByName of StudentPresented to: name of Instructor Name of InstitutionSubmission Date Table of Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc257501743"
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19AbstractThailand has over the years seen explosive growth in the arena of B2C e-commerce (The Nielsen Company (Thailand) Limited, 2010). Trends and patterns indicate that this growth is poised to further accelerate thus the increasing need to conceptualize Thailands consumer online shopping behavior in order to promote B2C e-commerce in Thailand. Master Card did a survey of online shopping in the Asian community, and as can be seen from appendix one of this paper, online shopping is a relatively new concept to the people of Thailand thus the need for a thorough investigation of the variables that affect online consumer shopping in Thailand. The paper will specifically study the consumer shopping behavior of Thai citizens ranging from 15 to 24 years of age. The paper will primarily concentrate on the middle and rich income earners of th is group, as they are the ones who have enough money to access internet and likewise do online shopping. Additionally, and to further narrow down the research, the paper will focus on a specific product, shoes. The research will be seeking to find out how often Thailand citizens of the aforementioned age bracket and class, purchase shoes online. Additionally, since Thai citizens normally shop at Thai online shopping malls, we will look at this groups shopping behavior as regards their own Thai online shopping malls, as opposed to other worldwide online shopping sites. This group of people is appropriate for study due to their frequent internet access, and interest in shopping. Master Card did a survey in 2009 which showed that 80% of the Thai population had access to the internet and that out of that 80%, 43% of the people use the internet for online shopping. The survey also revealed that those who frequently accessed the internet were citizens of the above given bracket, and they did so for pleasure purposes, such as shopping. Appendix four of this paper also shows statistics of internet users and this age bracket fits in well with these statistics. It is the hope of the researcher that through this paper, more information will be available as regards the shopping habits of Thai citizens. The research will also look at the variables that affect the online shopping behavior of this group in the hopes that it will produce statistics which would see to it that the key stakeholders involved in B2C e-commerce e.g. the retailers, distributors and information providers have sufficient information to continue driving the online market forward, and in addition, information that would cater to the needs of this specific group. Variables to be assessed include the attitudes (opinions, feelings) of this group towards online shopping, the key motivators to them shopping online, how their previous online shopping experiences affects their buying decisions, online informa tion search, online purchase intentions, and factors that would encourage them to repurchase products online. Theoretical and managerial implications of online shopping will also be looked at. To further facilitate understanding and interpretation of online shopping behavior as regards this group, a prototype model of consumer online shopping behavior of this group will be developed. This model will be developed after a critical look at other current and traditional models available as regards online shopping. The final model will be one that integrates several best ideas from the models which will be looked at and in addition, the findings of the researcher during research. The purpose of the final model is to integrate all the research findings into one concrete framework that explains the shopping behavior of the chosen study group. In capturing all the facts about the chosen groups online shopping behavior, those in the online sales business will be better able to serve this stu dy groups needs and additionally, other researchers coming into this field, will have a model by which they will relate with. Title of ThesisThe title of this thesis is as follows: Conceptualizing the online shopping behavior of Thai citizens ranging between 15 to 24 years of age from the middle and rich social classes. Additionally, the paper will focus on a specific product, shoes. The research will be seeking to find out how often Thailand citizens of the aforementioned age bracket and class, purchase shoes at their own online shopping malls. Purchasing over the internet is one of the most rapidly growing forms of shopping, with sales growth rates that outpace traditional shopping methods. Internet has seen tremendous growth over the last few years, and today, the internet is a large network, widespread around the world (Yuan, 2005). People worldwide have conceptualized the benefits of the Internet most especially the ease in which they can transact business through the Internet thus its growing use. Thailand ranks among the many worldwide countries to embrace Internet use. The history of Internet use in Thailand dates back to 1995 (Chuanlan, 2007). The Internet Thailand Company was the first ISP provider in Thailand, and the springboard from which commercial use of Internet began. Research shows that Thailand in 2008 had approximately 16 million Internet users (Mehdi Khosrow-Pour, 2009). Most Internet users in Thailand rely on broadband Internet, which is commonly available in the large cities and towns comprising Thailand (John Bozman, 1997). There is a lag though in Internet accessibility especially in the villages of Thailand where the technology of broadband has not quite hit them yet. These villagers mostly rely on dial-up to access Internet as dial-up prepaid cards are readily available in shops (Max, 2001).Thailand not to be technologically left behind introduced in 2008 the first 3GSM ever. This was in demand from customers, who craved for faster Internet connectivity statuses, which would see to the satisfaction of their Internet shopping cravings. This want for better connectivity and Internet services is also seeing a push for Fibre internet in the country (Erik, 2000).This wide spread push from the people of Thailand for better Internet services in Thailand most especially in the large cities and towns, has had a major influence on online shopping. The government of Thailand has also played a big role in seeing the construction of an environment that is conducive for online commerce activities (Kamel et al., 2009). The government of Thailand has put in place measures that promote online trade and commerce ensuring the future of B2C e-commerce in Thailand is bright (Kevin, 2005). In addition to this, another catalyst to e-commerce in Thailand is the measures being put in place to ensure and enhance security and privacy thus leading to the peoples trust and confidence in e-commerce. Security concerns as regards online sh opping in Thailand have been rampant. In fact, a survey done by MasterCard showed that online shopping security and value for money are the two most important concerns for the Thailand online shoppers (MasterCard worldwide, 2008). Additionally, the survey goes to point out that out of those Thai citizens interviewed concerning online shopping, 50% do not feel safe shopping online. According to MasterCard, 87% of the Thai citizens surveyed generally feel that there needs to be more done in terms of providing online shoppers more secure payment methods and 85% of the surveyed additionally feel that more convenient payment methods need to be availed (MasterCard worldwide, 2008). Another survey as regards security concerns and online shopping was conducted this year by Unisys Security Index. The survey was done on Americans, and they were asked about how they feel as regards shopping online, and the security aspect of it. The group surveyed totaled to 1,004 consumers, and the overall consensus was that they are indeed highly concerned about online shopping most especially when it comes to the aspect of security. In this 2010 survey, 20 percent of those surveyed stated that they were extremely concerned about online shopping; this statistic is up from the previously conducted one which was in 2009 whereby only 16% were extremely concerned. Of those surveyed, another 23 percent indicated that they were very concerned about shopping online and the potential risk factors that portended. Issues such as identity theft and the safety of online payment methods ate at the minds of the surveyed Americans who shopped online. Additionally, about 64 percent of those surveyed indicated that they were seriously concerned (Moscaritolo, 2010). These variations of concern only go to portray the seriousness of the online shopping issue especially as regards shopping. Only when the security iss...

Informative Speech Scams - 1095 Words

Title: How to prevent yourself from involving in a get rich quick scheme. General goal: I want to inform my audience. Specific goal: I want to inform my audience on how to identify the nature of get rich quick schemes and how to avoid being a victim of the scheme. Thesis statement: I want to share with my audience about get rich quick scheme by explaining the nature of the scheme and ways to avoid being a victim of the scheme. Introduction Attention getter: If there is anybody here knows someone close to you, your relatives or maybe your own neighbors lost a lot of money and end up in debt because of scams, please raise your hands up. I. Listener relevance: A get rich quick scheme is an event where people invest their money for a†¦show more content†¦III. It is important to protect ourselves from being a victim of the scheme as we would not want to lose a huge amount of money because of our own selfish decision. That is why we need to stay alert and never give in to temptation when it comes to making money fast. Here are some tips to prevent ourselves from the scams of get rich quick scheme. a. Based on the article â€Å"How to avoid get rich quick scheme† by Juliane Anders, if most people would use common sense, they would simply be able to avoid the schemes altogether. Does instant money make sense? Does someone offering you thousands of ringgits a month with no experience makes sense? The truth is that most people just dont think because they get greedy. Do not get greedy. Most people get ripped off simply because they want something for nothing. Everything in life takes work and everything worth doing takes time, resources, and experience. Remember the golden rule - if it sounds too good to be true, its probably a lie. b. According to the article â€Å"Get-rich-quick investment scams† from consumer affairs new Zealand website, if you are cold-called (rung out of the blue) ask for the callers name and who they represent. Ask about their company. If they avoid your questions, it is probably a scam. Deal only with licensed financial institutions and authorized dealers and check with the relevant authority before investing. c. Next, do not be pressured or rushed to invest. Always seek independent financial adviceShow MoreRelatedSources Of Crime1305 Words   |  6 PagesMy first source I found using EBSCOhost and the academic search premier. Using terms such as cyber, cybercrime, cyber security, and multiple terms commonly associated with hacking I was able to find a fairly informative list of tips for helping to protect yourself from the criminals out to get you on the internet. My second source I found on Opposing Viewpoints in Context, which goes into detail about identity theft along with the different methods used by internet criminals to target individualsRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Ltz And Conwell Speech1739 Words   |  7 Pagesand Conwell William Lutz and Russell Conwell are the two rhetoric speakers I have chosen. Conwell, a very intelligent, religious, and ambitious man, wrote a remarkable speech and read it thousands of times to thousands of people. Raising thousands of dollars, he used that money to build Temple University. With such a compelling speech, he encountered many people who enjoyed his work and his words are still remembered to this day. Conwell connects with audience on an emotional level, he almost befriendsRead MoreBus C110 Legal Environment of Business4571 Words   |  19 Pagesif any, elections or choices. The people must show complete obedience to the government to avoid harsh and usually unjust consequences. 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Gupta (1977) in their study â€Å" Corporate Financial Disclosure in Indian Companies† have observed that the public sector companies have been disclosing more informationRead MoreBusiness Journalism in India26104 Words   |  105 Pages1991: Indian economic reforms were initiated * Harshad Mehta Scam in 1993 * The Indian stock market and investor saw a frenzy * The Indian middle-class saw new avenues of making money. Broking firms came into being at a large scale * The panwallahs were also discussing the stock market * Corporates then became more proactive and felt the need to communicate * Contd.. * UTI scam * Satellite Television in 1993 * Telecom Revolution Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesLatonya is twenty-three years old is more informative than saying she isnt a teenager any more. Putting a number on her age makes the claim more precise and thus more informative. Nevertheless, making a precise claim is riskier than making an imprecise one. If her twenty-third birthday is still a week away, then calling her twenty-three is incorrect but saying shes not a teenager any more is correct. The more precise a claim, the more informative it is if it does turn out to be true. Read MoreMarketing and E-commerce Business65852 Words   |  264 Pagescom: Building a Brand with Social Marketing    470 7.6 Review    476 Key Concepts    476 Questions    480 Projects    480  Contents  xxxv 8 ETHICAL, SOCIAL, AND POLITICAL ISSUES IN E-COMMERCE Learning Objectives    482 Free Speech on the Internet: Who Decides?    483 8.1  Understanding Ethical, Social, and Political Issues in E-commerce     486 A Model for Organizing the Issues     487 Basic Ethical Concepts: Responsibility, Accountability, and Liability     489 Analyzing

Skills Assignment Learning Skills Services

Question: Discuss about the case study Skills Assignment for Learning Skills Services. Answer: Introduction This assignment explores the process of note taking, reading skills as well as provides tips for studying during exams. Note-taking is a process in which an individual record understanding of the ideas and concepts that were discussed in the class. The process of note taking is useful in essay writing, for reading, and preparing for exams and tests (Boud et al., 2013). The rationale of the study is to create a good idea of the lecture and to be acquainted with it irrespective of its characteristics. Summary Note-taking in lectures and tutorials is defined is the process where individual record can understand the ideas and concepts that discussed in class. The process of note-taking is useful in essay writing, for reading and preparing for exams and tests. Developing the skills to use the notes and lectures is very much important and crucial rather than challenging. There are some characteristics that a listener requires for using the lectures effectively. Some characteristics need to perform in order to be a good listener such as listen with a purpose, learning present instructor style, use of verbal and visual clues, etc. Active listening is very much important because listening without thinking is useless (Note Taking at University | Learning Skills Services, 2016). In order to use the lecture for future use, one should have to improve the situation by avoiding the obstacles. After listening, the second step is to understand the lecture. This is helpful in reviewing and comparing what is said and what is found in the text, figuring out what is ignored, reserving judgment while something controversial is discussed and to shift attention between lectures and notes (Segal et al., 2014). Lecturers have different characteristics. The main important thing is to create a good idea of the lecture and to get acquainted with it irrespective of its characteristics. The main feature in assisting the lecture is to divide it into important structural divisions (Boud, Keogh Walker, 2013). The structural parts include introduction and conclusion, repetition, expression linking, rephrasing and elaboration of ideas. In addition to learning, the most important thing is how to listen effectively in order to develop, record the notes and most importantly how to summarize them. Two common formats named Cornell Note-taking system and Mind maps are used for structuring notes. Cornell note taking system is suggested for those students who want to improve their organization of notes. By using this system, an individual will require a minimum time for preparation and adjustment (Segal, Chipman Glaser, 2014). Additionally, it helps in developing notes very quickly after taking help from the notebooks and original lecture (How to Study Effectively: 8 Advanced Tips - College Info Geek, 2016). One of the most important things is that they link the activity of note taking in a very practical way. According to Boud et al. (2013), a mind map is a linear way of organizing notes. Mind maps are a diagrammatic process of organizing data from the lectures. It is done for providing interconnection of concepts and for illustrating details, ideas, main concepts, etc Reviewing notes is one of the most important techniques as it helps in saving time. One of the most important difficulties that an individual faces while collecting information from the notes is that the individual realizes that 60% of the information is not important. Therefore constructing an outline of the note will be helpful in avoiding collection of unnecessary information (How to Study Effectively: 8 Advanced Tips - College Info Geek, 2016) Apart from managing time and making effective notes, one of the most important tasks is reading at universities. Reading is a central role in learning. Therefore, it is very much important to read effectively and learn independently. Setting goals and objectives for reading is one of the most important features of reading actively (Preparing for Tests and Exams | Learning Skills Services, 2016). It helps in creating awareness. Active reading is defined as a process in which reading is done to understand the topic and for relating it to some other ideas or concepts of lecture (Preparing for Tests and Exams | Learning Skills Services) Setting a purpose after reading a chapter helps in creating awareness about the selective reading of the notes. During a survey of a chapter, it is always advised to spend less time. After setting a purpose, the first thing that an individual requires to do is questioning. The questioning phase helps in creating a sharp knowledge about the concept of the topic and helps in increasing our level of concentration (Reading Skills for University | Learning Skills Services, 2016). After the phase of questioning, the most important one is guiding oneself through reading. According to Segal et al. (2014), reading helps in monitoring and constructing the meaning of the text. Other important feature includes classification, description, factual statement, problem solving problem and experiment induction problem (Reading Skills for University | Learning Skills Services, 2016) Grade matters a lot to the student. Students want to score well in their examination. Students who are successful in scoring well apply a series of strategies that are productive in nature (Study Less Study Smart: A 6-Minute Summary of Marty Lobdell's Lecture - College Info Geek, 2016). This is done to attain identified learning goals throughout the academic session. Sometimes, students face difficulty in preparing effectively for exams. The problems include time management, reading for comprehension, etc. Many students use the concept of cramming while studying (Study Skills - Preparing for exams, 2016). The concept of cramming sometimes fails at the last minute. This is because the time is very short for assimilating and integrating a vast quantity of information (Study Less Study Smart: A 6-Minute Summary of Marty Lobdell's Lecture - College Info Geek, 2016). There are few steps, which is helpful in effective studying. The steps include: Complete reading all information from different sources and compilation of that information in the form of notes. Review of all past notes that will be helpful in knowing the type of question It must be ensured that the time, date focus, location, and weight of each test must be known Setting a goal and according to which a fixed amount of study is necessary Balancing study and daily work or activities Locating study notes, course aids from the library will be helpful Determining the important sections of the lecture Settling down to study with all the information and notes Creation of long-term motivation for studying is very much effective. It helps in turning the anxiety of examination into a built-in motivator. The most important step is to fascinate the study with the subject matter by going over truly interesting sections of the study (Study Less Study Smart: A 6-Minute Summary of Marty Lobdell's Lecture - College Info Geek, 2016) The study can be managed by using three important steps: Materials must be grouped in a meaning full way Active reading must be he done after the 1st step The condensed summary should be written based on the reading. Go through the notes and say aloud the things that an individual remembered. Conclusion From the above analysis, it is concluded that preparing notes, active listening, reading, managing time and motivation are very much important for a student. It helps as well as guides a student to score well in an examination. The most important step to do well in an examination is to fascinate the study with the help of subject matter by going through the important sections of the study. Neither of the steps assures a student that following these steps would help them in scoring good marks, but the steps are helpful in increasing the confidence of the student. The above steps help in applying a series of strategies that are productive in nature. This is done to attain identified learning goals throughout the academic session. References Boud, D., Keogh, R., Walker, D. (2013).Reflection: Turning experience into learning. Routledge. How to Study Effectively: 8 Advanced Tips - College Info Geek. (2016).YouTube. Retrieved 2 July 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ad6grll-ak Note Taking at University | Learning Skills Services. (2016).Lss.info.yorku.ca. Retrieved 2 July 2016, from https://lss.info.yorku.ca/resources/note-taking-at-university/ Preparing for Tests and Exams | Learning Skills Services. (2016).Lss.info.yorku.ca. Retrieved 2 July 2016, from https://lss.info.yorku.ca/resources/preparing-for-tests-and-exams/ Reading Skills for University | Learning Skills Services. (2016).Lss.info.yorku.ca. Retrieved 2 July 2016, from https://lss.info.yorku.ca/resources/reading-skills-for-university/ Segal, J. W., Chipman, S. F., Glaser, R. (2014).Thinking and Learning Skills: Volume 1: Relating Instruction To Research. Routledge. Study Less Study Smart: A 6-Minute Summary of Marty Lobdell's Lecture - College Info Geek. (2016).YouTube. Retrieved 2 July 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=23Xqu0jXlfs Study Skills - Preparing for exams. (2016).YouTube. Retrieved 2 July 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=khhjXkzXaZA

Essay Topics - The Importance of Being Heavily Essay

Essay Topics - The Importance of Being Heavily EssayIt is important to know the importance of being earnest when writing an essay topic. Even if you are not writing for college, it is possible that you will have to submit a topic paper at some point in your life. The chance that you will be asked to write a topic in person is far higher than the chance that someone else will be doing the reviewing of your paper.You want to make sure that you do not over-complicate the topic. You do not want to cram every single little detail of the topic into the essay that you are writing. The essays that I receive are very difficult to read because they contain so many topics that are not well-defined and do not clearly tell the reader what the purpose of the essay is.Ease of understanding is also one of the most important characteristics of the essays that I receive. Most students find it difficult to understand the importance of being earnest. Students who struggle with this trait often end up wi th essays that are unclear and require additional explanation in order to understand the information contained within. Most students are far more likely to skip over an essay that is so difficult to understand.Your choice of words is also very important when it comes to essay topics. When you choose to use the wrong type of words, it is important to keep the level of honesty and sincerity of the essay in mind. Words like 'allegedly 'claims' should never be used because these types of words tend to suggest that there is something questionable about the statement.As a rule, you should avoid using exaggeration. Essays should be written with accuracy and not with false or exaggerated statements. This is a very important quality that you want to display when writing essays for any subject.The last trait that you want to include in your essay topics is that they need to be factual. It is almost impossible to write a convincing essay if the facts do not match the statement. You will want t o have accurate facts in order to prove that the statements are correct. If you try to hide facts, the fact that the essay is factual will be called into question and this will make the essay weaker.Speaking of facts, another important trait is that they need to be easily understandable. The facts must be given enough emphasis to the essay that it is easy to understand. If you do not make it clear enough to the reader why the facts are important, the essay may lose its credibility and ability to stand on its own.All of these traits are important when it comes to essay topics. If you want to make sure that you have a successful essay, you want to make sure that the topic is of the utmost importance to you. You can easily research these topics online or in books. Knowing the importance of being earnest can help you achieve your goal of writing a successful essay.